植保無人機在(zai)農業上的(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)越來越成(cheng)熟(shu)，各地(di)對無(wu)人機(ji)植(zhi)保工(gong)作的(de)(de)需(xu)求在(zai)逐漸增加(jia)。對于(yu)電(dian)動(dong)植(zhi)保無(wu)人機(ji)來說，以鋰電(dian)池為動(dong)力源(yuan)，使植(zhi)保無(wu)人機(ji)能夠正常(chang)起飛、長時間工(gong)作，對于(yu)電(dian)池的(de)(de)維護至關重要。

植保無人機電池的維護保養，需要注意以下事項：
一、電池不過放
如果電(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)壓下(xia)降過(guo)(guo)快，控制不(bu)當會造(zao)成(cheng)過(guo)(guo)放(fang)電(dian)，輕(qing)的話(hua)(hua)會損傷(shang)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)，重的話(hua)(hua)電(dian)壓低的話(hua)(hua)會造(zao)成(cheng)爆炸機。有些飛行員電(dian)池(chi)(chi)很少，每次飛行都會過(guo)(guo)度(du)放(fang)電(dian)。這種電(dian)池(chi)(chi)很短命。

策略是盡(jin)可(ke)(ke)能少飛(fei)一(yi)分(fen)鐘，多飛(fei)一(yi)個(ge)生命周期。寧可(ke)(ke)買兩塊電池，也(ye)不能每次飛(fei)過電池的容量極限。所以你(ni)必(bi)須嚴(yan)格按(an)照飛(fei)行要求使用電池，當飛(fei)機(ji)低功耗報警(jing)時(shi)，應盡(jin)快降落。

二、電池不過充
有些充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器在充(chong)滿(man)電(dian)(dian)(dian)后的停(ting)電(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)能不完全，即使單板電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)滿(man)電(dian)(dian)(dian)達到4.2V也沒有停(ting)止充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。另外，有些充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器因為(wei)零件劣(lie)化(hua)，容易出現未充(chong)滿(man)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的問題。鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)過(guo)(guo)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)后，過(guo)(guo)輕(qing)會影響電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)壽命(ming)，過(guo)(guo)重會引發爆炸。因此，為(wei)防(fang)止鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)過(guo)(guo)充(chong)，應注意以下方(fang)面：

1、使用專用的充電器。該充電器是鋰離子或鋰聚合專用充電器，兩者非常接近。

2、準確設置電(dian)池(chi)組的電(dian)池(chi)單體個數(shu)。在(zai)充電(dian)的前幾分(fen)鐘，你必須仔細觀察充電(dian)器的顯(xian)示屏，顯(xian)示電(dian)池(chi)組的電(dian)池(chi)數(shu)量。如(ru)果(guo)你不知道，你不應(ying)該收費或(huo)使用你熟悉的充電(dian)器。

3、對新的(de)(de)(de)(de)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)依次(ci)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，檢查(cha)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)每個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)單(dan)元的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，然(ran)后每10次(ci)充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)也要做同樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作。我們必須這(zhe)樣做。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓不均衡的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)即使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)個數(shu)選擇(ze)正確的(de)(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)也會破(po)裂。如果(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)單(dan)元的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓超(chao)過0.1伏(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)話(hua)，必須將(jiang)各個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)到4.2伏(fu)。如果(guo)每次(ci)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后單(dan)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓差(cha)超(chao)過0.1伏(fu),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)失效,應及(ji)時(shi)更換。

4、任何人不得充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)時必(bi)須以(yi)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)規定充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)c數或其以(yi)下的(de)c數充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，不得超過規定充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流。需將充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)池和充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器放置在安全的(de)位置。

三、不滿電保存
正是(shi)滿電(dian)池的化學性質活躍，所以(yi)滿電(dian)保存(cun)不(bu)能超過3天(tian)，超過1周就(jiu)不(bu)能放棄，有(you)膨脹的風(feng)險，一部分(fen)電(dian)池可能一時不(bu)會(hui)膨脹，但是(shi)幾次充電(dian)保存(cun)后，電(dian)池可能會(hui)直接(jie)廢棄。

正(zheng)確的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)應該是在(zai)(zai)裝(zhuang)置保護無人(ren)機具有(you)飛(fei)行任務充(chong)電(dian)(dian)之前(qian)，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)3天(tian)后沒有(you)飛(fei)行任務，請將單電(dian)(dian)壓充(chong)電(dian)(dian)至(zhi)3.80~3.90伏。如(ru)果電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在(zai)(zai)三(san)個月內沒有(you)使(shi)用，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)將被(bei)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)和(he)放電(dian)(dian)一次繼續(xu)節省，從而延長電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)壽命。電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)保存(cun)在(zai)(zai)陰涼處保存(cun)，長期(qi)保存(cun)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)時，建議放入密(mi)封袋或密(mi)封的(de)爆炸(zha)箱中，環境溫(wen)度為10~25°C，并且(qie)沒有(you)干(gan)燥腐蝕性氣(qi)體。

四、防止運輸短路
電(dian)池(chi)怕碰撞(zhuang)和(he)摩擦，運輸(shu)碰撞(zhuang)可(ke)能造成短路，短路會直接(jie)導(dao)致電(dian)池(chi)打火(huo)機或火(huo)災爆炸。同(tong)時,當導(dao)電(dian)材料接(jie)觸電(dian)池(chi)的正電(dian)極(ji)和(he)負電(dian)極(ji)時,必須避免短路。

在電(dian)池(chi)(chi)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)過(guo)程中，將(jiang)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)單(dan)獨放(fang)(fang)入袋子(zi)中，放(fang)(fang)入防爆箱中，防止運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)過(guo)程中晃動和(he)碰(peng)撞的電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的正極(ji)和(he)負極(ji)同時與其(qi)他導(dao)電(dian)物(wu)質碰(peng)撞而(er)短路。有些農藥(yao)輔助(zhu)劑(ji)是易燃輔助(zhu)劑(ji)，因此農藥(yao)和(he)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)應(ying)該(gai)分開放(fang)(fang)置。

五、不損壞包裝
電(dian)(dian)池(chi)外殼是(shi)防(fang)止電(dian)(dian)池(chi)爆(bao)炸(zha)或(huo)漏(lou)液起火的重要結構，鋰二次(ci)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的鋁膜破(po)損時，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)會起火或(huo)爆(bao)炸(zha)。電(dian)(dian)池(chi)應該輕(qing)輕(qing)舉行(xing)，同時在飛(fei)機上固定電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，皮帶應該收緊(jin)。因為大動態(tai)飛(fei)行(xing)或(huo)落下時，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)可能(neng)會系緊(jin)束(shu)帶而斷開，因此電(dian)(dian)池(chi)蓋(gai)容易破(po)損。

六、安全放置環境
1、不(bu)要(yao)在(zai)高(gao)/低溫(wen)環境充放電(dian)。極端溫(wen)度會影響電(dian)池的性能和(he)使用(yong)壽命(ming)。在(zai)充電(dian)前檢查舊電(dian)池是否冷卻。不(bu)要(yao)在(zai)冷庫、地下室、直射陽光或(huo)近(jin)熱(re)源充電(dian)或(huo)放電(dian)。

2、電池保存應放置(zhi)在陰涼的(de)(de)環境(jing)下貯(zhu)存。長期保管電池時，建議放入密封袋或密封的(de)(de)防爆(bao)箱中，環境(jing)溫度為10~25°C且無干燥腐(fu)蝕性氣(qi)體。

3、植(zhi)保無人機(ji)起(qi)飛(fei)前必須對電(dian)(dian)池進行(xing)(xing)(xing)保溫(wen)處理，將電(dian)(dian)池保存在溫(wen)暖的(de)環境中。例如，房屋內、車內、保溫(wen)箱內等。要起(qi)飛(fei)時快速安(an)裝電(dian)(dian)池，并(bing)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)飛(fei)行(xing)(xing)(xing)任務。低溫(wen)飛(fei)行(xing)(xing)(xing)盡(jin)量縮短(duan)到常溫(wen)狀態的(de)一半，保證安(an)全飛(fei)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。

無人機電池的正常使用和維護是延長無人機使用壽命的重要途徑，因此，有必要注意上述事項，確保無人機電池不受損壞，并能正常使用。